Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Soft Shutting Down state in the NFM-T?

AAn automatic shutdown of a TE-link and all of the LSPs in the TE-link

BA soft synchronization state where new traffic is not allowed

CAn administrative maintenance state where services stay up but no new traffic can be routed over the TE-link

DA transient state where current SNCs are soft-rerouted away from the TE-link

Answer : C

The Soft Shutting Down state in the NFM-T is an administrative maintenance state where services stay up but no new traffic can be routed over the TE-link. This state is used to prepare a TE-link for maintenance or decommissioning without affecting the existing services. The NFM-T sets the TE-link to Soft Shutting Down state by sending a Notify message with the Administrative State Change flag to the head-end node of the TE-link. The head-end node then stops accepting new LSP requests over the TE-link and sends a PathErr message with the Administrative State Change flag to all the tail-end nodes of the LSPs in the TE-link. The tail-end nodes then stop sending new traffic over the LSPs and send a ResvErr message with the Administrative State Change flag to all the intermediate nodes of the LSPs. The intermediate nodes then update their routing tables and stop forwarding new traffic over the LSPs. The existing traffic, however, continues to flow over the LSPs until they are manually deleted or rerouted by the NFM-T.Reference:Nokia GMPLS-controlled Optical Networks Course | Nokia,Nokia Advanced Optical Network Management with NFM-T Course | Nokia

Question 2

What is the GMRE notify address?

AThe OSPF-TE broadcast IP used to flood the link adjacency information

BThe LMP Control Channel ID. This field contains the IPv4 address of the ingress LER as a global unique identifier

CThe email exchange server to notify the operators of network failures

DAn IP address used to signal failures on downstream nodes upstream to the head node

Answer : D

The GMRE notify address is an IP address used to signal failures on downstream nodes upstream to the head node. The GMRE notify address is configured on each GMRE node and is used to send a Notify message to the head node when a failure occurs on a link or node along the LSP. The Notify message contains the failure information and the LSP ID. The head node can then initiate a restoration process based on the Notify message.Reference:Nokia GMPLS-controlled Optical Networks Course | Nokia,GMPLS - Nokia

Question 3

What is the Commissioning File in GMRE nodes?

AA file with commissioned GMRE nodes for NPA implementation

BA file of optical impairment parameters for power balance

CA file with target values that determine whether a given LSP is possible

DA control checklist for the operator

Answer : C

The Commissioning File in GMRE nodes is a file with target values that determine whether a given LSP is possible. The Commissioning File contains parameters such as power, OSNR, Q-factor, and dispersion that are used to evaluate the feasibility of an LSP request. The Commissioning File is generated by the Network Planning Application (NPA) based on the network design and optical impairments. The Commissioning File is uploaded to each GMRE node and is used by the CSPF algorithm to find a suitable path for the LSP.Reference:Nokia GMPLS-controlled Optical Networks Course | Nokia,Network Planning Application (NPA) | Nokia

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the Shutting Down state in the NFM-T?

AAn automatic shut down of all LSPs in the TE-link

BA soft maintenance state where new traffic is allowed for restoration

CIt is the same as the administrative maintenance state. No new traffic can be routed over the TE-Unk

DA transient state where current SNCs are soft-rerouted

Answer : D

The Shutting Down state is a transient state that occurs when a TE-link is set to maintenance mode in the NFM-T. In this state, the TE-link is not available for routing new LSPs, but the existing LSPs (SNCs) that use the TE-link are not immediately terminated. Instead, they are soft-rerouted, which means that they are gracefully switched to alternative paths without disrupting the traffic. The Shutting Down state lasts until all the SNCs on the TE-link are successfully soft-rerouted or forcefully terminated.After that, the TE-link transitions to the Administrative Maintenance state, where no traffic can be routed over the TE-link12.Reference:

1: Nokia GMPLS-controlled Optical Networks Course | Nokia

2: Nokia Network Functions Manager for Transport User Guide | Nokia

Question 5

What is the Link Maintenance window?

AA centralized view of the TE-link for the operator

BA wizard with commands to set links and nodes to maintenance

CA wizard for modifying TE-link attributes

DA centralized alarm manager

Answer : B

The Link Maintenance window is a feature of NFM-T that allows the user to perform maintenance tasks on links and nodes in a GMPLS network. The Link Maintenance window is a wizard that provides commands to set links and nodes to maintenance mode, which prevents them from being used for routing new LSPs or carrying traffic. The user can also use the Link Maintenance window to reroute existing LSPs away from the links and nodes that are in maintenance mode, either manually or automatically.The Link Maintenance window helps the user to perform network maintenance operations without disrupting the service availability or quality12.Reference: